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Percentage change
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How to calculate percentage change?
Formula: (final value − initial value) ÷ initial value × 100
A positive result means an increase, negative means a decrease.
Formula: (final − initial) ÷ initial × 100. A positive result is an increase, negative is a decrease. The initial value cannot be zero.
Subtract the old value from the new, divide by the old value, multiply by 100. Example: from £80 to £100 → (100−80) ÷ 80 × 100 = +25%.
Same formula. Example: from $200 to $150 → (150−200) ÷ 200 × 100 = −25%. The negative result indicates a decrease.
Percentage change is directional — it measures change from a starting value. Percentage difference compares two values without a defined order. Use percentage change when tracking evolution over time (prices, sales, grades).
It's used everywhere: salary raise, rent increase, stock price variation, grade progression, revenue growth, population change, inflation rate, exchange rate variation, etc.